Act five: Violence

Act five

Violence---»

Lady Macbeth’s speech about ‘the spot’ p. 82-83

Shows that she feels guilty for what has been done and all the acts of violence that she has been part of. So it’s a sort of flashback to all the acts of violence that they have comited

Macbeth: “I’ll fight, till from my bones my flesh be hacked.

Give me my armor.” p.87 (33-34)

Macbeth is saying that he wants to participate in the war because he is confident that he will not die and he will keep going until he is slaughtered.

Siward: “But certain issue strokes must arbitrate

Towards which advance the war” p.89 (20-21)

Siward is saying that the outcome of things need to be settled through battle so they need to keep going towards Macbeth until he is dead and war has settled everything.

Macduff: “Those clamorous harbingers of blood and death” p.92 (10)

This is making the analogy that the trumpets mentioned earlier inthe passage are messengers of death and violence because they guide the war.

Macbeth: “Upon the next tree shalt thou hang alive,

Till famine cling thee.” p.91 (39-40)

Macbeth is making a threat that the next person to bring him a report of the upcoming war will be hung and left to starve; a very violent way to die.

“Fight, and Young Siward slain” p.93

Macbeth kills Young Siward with his sword while they are dueling.

Macbeth: “Why should I play the Roman fool and die

On mine own sword? Whiles I see lives,the gashes

Do better upon them.” p.94 (1-3)

Macbeth was contemplating suicide but decides that, even if the prophecy of the witches say that he’s going to be slaughtered, he will fight and try to beat the odds.

“Enter Macduff, with Macbeth’s head.” p.96

They’ve taken away all of his honour by dismembering and taking his head as a trophy.

“(RE-) enter fighting and Macbeth slain.” p.95

Macbeth dies at the hands of Macduff in  their duel

Malcom: “Of this dead butcher and his fiendlike queen,

Who, as ‘tis thought, by self and violent hands

took off her life-” p.97 (69-71)

Malcom says that Lady Macbeth has commited suicide.

Act 5 Appearance VS Reality

‘

‘’Tell thee, Macduff was from his mother’s womb untimely ripped’’ (Act 5, scene 8, line 15, p.95)

- Macduff tells Macbeth that he was born by a c-section, therefore making the prophecy true. It appeared as if macbeth could not be defeated but that was false.

“Within this three mile may you see it coming; I say a moving grove.”(Act 5, scene 5, line 37-38, p.91)

As the witches said the wood is movig.  It apperas as tho but it is really the soldiers carying branches.

“All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand’’ Act 5, scene 1, line 54, p. 83)

She is having visions because of the regret of she feels for all the actions her and her husband have committed. I think the difference between the two is that a woman was murdered and she relates to that

Act 5: ambition and visions

Ambition:

"wash your hands; put on your nightgown; look not so pale! I tell you yet again, Banquo's buried. He cannot come out on's grave." scene 1 line 65!

Lady doesnt want to feel guilty anymore about the killings and it is her ambition to feel "clean" again.

MACDUFF […] Either thou, Macbeth, Or else my sword, with an unbatter'd edge, I sheathe again undeeded. There thou shouldst be; By this great clatter, one of greatest note Seems bruited. Let me find him, Fortune! And more I beg not. (5.8.1)

This is how to do ambition right: Macduff wants to avenge his family and his king, but he doesn’t seek power for himself. He doesn't want to rule fortune; he's content to be fortune's tool. Clearly, he's going to be the one to take down the boss.

MACBETH She should have died hereafter; There would have been a time for such a word. To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day To the last syllable of recorded time And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. (5.5.2)

In the end, the love you take is equal to the love you make. Or something along those lines. Here, Macbeth is realizing that all his striving was literally useless: Malcolm is going to be king; he himself is about to die; and his wife is gone. (So much for her ambition, too.) But if there's nothing to be gained, then what's the point of living at all? Macbeth doesn't leave us with much of answer. Are we just supposed to live our lives hopelessly until we die? Or is there a nobler way of putting up with life's ultimate futility?

“Macduff was from his mother’s womb untimely ripped.”

It is his ambition to kill him as he is not born from his mothers womb

Vision:

"yet heres a spot" scene 1 line 34

Lady macbeth keeps thinking that there is blood on her hands as if it is obvious that she is the killer and that the guilt will never go away

Lady Macbeth sees the blood on her hands and can’t take it off

Act 5 fate and free will

''We march on to give obidience where `tis truly owed.'' - The men have decided who they want to be loyal to and will fight for that.

''I looked toward Birnam, and anon, methought the wood began to move.'' - this is an example of the witche's prophecy fufilling itself

''And tell thee, Macduff was from his mother's womb, untimely ripped.'' - it is macbeths fate to die from someone who isn't woman born

Act 5: Fate and Free Will

Scene 5, Line 9:

''I have almost forgot the tase of fear''

Macbeth had fate in what the witches said to him so he wasn't scared when the messenger annouced that he will be attacked

act 5 nature

 scene 6 line 33
I looked toward Birnam, and anon, methought, the woods began to move.  Messanger
they where camoed in the forest and it seemed to be mouving

scene 6 line 49
I'gin to be aweary of the sun, and wish the estate of the world were now undone. Ring the alarum bell! Blow wind, come wrack! At least we'll die with harness on our back.  Macbeth
Compares the situation with nature.

Blood and Sleep

Sleep: 

``Then live, Macduff. What need I fear of thee?

But yet I’ll make assurance double sure,

And take a bond of fate. Thou shalt not live,

That I may tell pale-hearted fear it lies,

And sleep in spite of thunder.`` (4.1 85)

He doesn`t need to kill Macduff. He has no reason to fear him, and he will make sure of that, he will even guarantee his own fate by killing him. if he does that, he can conquer his fear and sleep easily tonight.

 

Blood:

     ``Bleed, bleed, poor country!

Great tyranny, lay thou thy basis sure,

For goodness dare not check thee. Wear thou thy wrongs;

The title is affeered.—Fare thee well, lord.

I would not be the villain that thou think’st

For the whole space that’s in the tyrant’s grasp,

And the rich East to boot.``

Bleed, bleed, poor country! He is saying to go ahead and build himself up because people are afraid to stand up to him. His title is safe so he should enjoy everything he has.

Act 4 - Fate and Free Will

"By the prickling of my thumbs,
Something wicked this way comes." (Act 4, Scene 1, line 44)

The second witch can feel that something bad is about to happen by the tingling in her thumbs.

"Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff.
Beware the thane of Fife. Dismiss me. Enough." (Act 4, Scene 1, line 73-74)

The first apparition is talking about Macbeth's fate, to beware of Mcduff and to stay away.

"Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn
The power of man, for none of woman born
Shall harm Macbeth." (Act 4, Scene 1, line 80-84)

The second apparation tells Macbeth to be violent, bold, and firm. Laugh at the power of other men, because nobody born from a woman will ever harm

him.

"Be lion-mettled, proud, and take no careWho chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are.
Macbeth shall never vanquished be until
Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill
Shall come against him." (Act 4, Scene 1, 94-96)

The third apparition tells Macbeth to be brave like the lion and proud. To not even worry about who hates him, who resents him, and who conspires against him. Macbeth will never be defeated until Birnam Wood marches to fight him at Dunsinane Hill.

"Bless you, fair dame! I am not to you known,
Though in your state of honor I am perfect.
I doubt some danger does approach you nearly.
If you will take a homely man’s advice,
Be not found here. Hence with your little ones.
To fright you thus methinks I am too savage;
To do worse to you were fell cruelty,
Which is too nigh your person. Heaven preserve you!
I dare abide no longer."  (Act 4, Scene 2, line 59-67)

The messenger explains to Lady Mcduff that he is afraid something dangerous is coming toward them and to take his advice: "don’t be here when it arrives. Go away and take your children. " Then advises them: "And harm is getting close! Heaven keep you safe!"

Ambition (Visions- Motif)

Ambition:

“ The castle of Macduff I will surprise, seize upon Fife, give to the edge o’ the sword his wife, his babes and all unfortunate souls that trace him in his line” -Macbeth (Act 4, Scene 1, p.66, line 150-153)

After Lennox announced that Macduff fled to England, Macbeth took this as a possible threat to his reign. He rethought about what the apparition said about bewaring Macbeth, and decided to go kill Macduff along with everyone he knew. He didn’t want to take any chances of not being King.

‘‘ Of horrid hell,can come a devil more damned in evils that tops Macbeth’’(Act 4, Scene 3, p.73, line 55) -Macduff

In this quote, Macduff shows ambition as he is trying really hard to show Malcolm that he is the rightful heir to throne. During the entire passage in the book, Macduff tries to convince Malcolm to go fight for the country.

“(...) front to front, bring thou this fiend of Scotland and myself; within my sword’s length set him. If he ‘scape, heaven forgive him too!” (Act 4, Scene 3, p. 80, line 232) -Macduff

Macduff is talking about how wishes to go to Scotland and give his revenge to Macbeth for what he has done to his family.

‘‘Macbeth is ripe for shaking, and the pow’rs above put on their instruments’’- Malcolm (Act 4, Scene 3, p.80, line 237-239)

Malcolm announces that he is ready to attack Macbeth to regain his country and to have his country back to normal without all the evil put upon Scotland by Macbeth.

Visions:

Apparition 1= An armed head

“(...) Macbeth! Beware Macduff! Beware the Thane of Fife. (...).” (Act 4, Scene 1, p. 63, line 71-72)

An armed head is telling Macbeth to beware of Macduff in the future.

Apparition 2= A bloody child

‘’(...)Be bloody, bold, and resolute! Laugh to scorn. The pow’r of man, for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth.’’ (Act 4, Scene 1, p.63, line 78)

A young child tells Macbeth that he is strong and that no one on earth will hurt him.

Apparition 3= A child crowned with a tree in his hand

“(...) Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him.” (Act 4, Scene 1, p.64, line 92-95)

Macbeth will never be vanquished until a forest starts moving which he thinks is impossible.

Apparition 4= A show of eight Kings and Banquo. last (king) with a glass in his hand

‘’Thou art too like the spirit of Banquo down! (...)’’ (Act 4, Scene 1, p.65, line 111)

We see that Banquo (foreshadowing) being with eight other kings. Macbeth feels a rise of jealousy in this.

Appereance vs. Reality- Act 3

Appereance v.s Reality

(Sleep-Motif)

“Who wear our health but sickly in his life, which in his death were perfect.” (Act 3, Scene 1, p.44, line 107)

Macbeth states that by having Banquo dead, it would make him a much happier man. Thus, showing us that he portrays a false image of caring for Banquo when in reality Macbeth wants him dead.

‘’(...) Whom we, to gain our peace, have sent to peace, than on the torture of the mind to lie in restless ecstasy. Ducan is in his grave; After life’s fitful fever he sleeps well.’’ (Act 3, Scene 2, line 20, p. 47)

Macbeth can’t sleep well compared to Duncan because he is dead in his grave.

“(...) Were the graced person of our Banquo present- Who may I rather challenge for unkindness than pity for mischance!” (Act 3, Scene 4, p.52, line 41-44)

Macbeth shows his guests his concern for Banquo missing, but in reality he sent murderers (hitman) to kill him and Fleance.

“ (...) And make our faces vizards to our hearts, disguising what they are.”  (Act 3, Scene 2, p.47, line 34).

Macbeth warns that him and Lady Macbeth are in a fragile situation. He tells her that they have to make sure to flatter him and to hide their feelings to kill Banquo.

“(...) ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.”

Lady Macbeth always presented herself as a strong and an unafraid woman. Her she presents her true self but stating how it it better to be the one murdered than to be the killer tormented by anxiety.

Act four: Nature, Light vs Darkness

Act four

Natural:

Macbeth: “That I may tell pale-hearted-fear it lies,

And sleep in spite of thunder.” p.63 (85-86)

In this quote thunder is representing his guilt and evil and that with Macduff dead he will not have to have any fear of his secret getting out; he will be sleeping like a baby.

Third Appatition: “Macbeth shall never vanquished be until

Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill

Shall come against him.”p.64 (92-94)

This apparition says that only when the forest moves to high Dunsinane Hill, Macbeth can be killed. The forest moving seems highly improbable so Macbeth believes there is nothing to worry about.

Ross: “From what we fear, yet know not what we fear,

But float upon a wild and violent sea

Each way and move.” p.68 (20-22)

This quote is saying that fear makes the sea act up and while nature is wild, so are the mens actions on earth. That the sea is representative of the actions fear will make mankind do.

Macduff: “In nature is a tyranny; it hath been

Th’ untimely emptying of the happy throne” p.73 (67-68)

Nature is acting out and causing trouble which also represents the throne; Ever since the weather has been bad, the king and the country have been falling apart in the sense of violence.

Light vs Darkness:

Macbeth: “How now, you secret, black, and midnight hags

What is ‘t you do?” p.62 (46-48)

In this quote Macbeth is saying that with midnight and darkness comes the witches and evil. He asks them what other mischif they are doing now.

Malcom: “The night is long that never finds the day.” p.80 (240)

Malcolm and England is declaring war on Scotland and Macbeth so the long period of darkness, symbolising a long period of evil, will not end soon. The day will not arrive so the conflicts are not soon over.

ACT FOUR: Appearances vs reality

Act 3: Ambition

Act 3 Ambition

“Both of you   KNow Banquo was your enemy.. So he is mine, and in such bloody distance That every minute of his being thrusts against my near’st of life: and though I could with barefaced power sweep him from my sight and bid my will avouch it, yet i must not, whose loves i may not drop, but wail his fall who i myself struck down: and thence it is that i to your assistance do make love, masking the business from the common eye for sundry weighty reasons.” scene 1 line 113

“They hailed him father to a line of kings. Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown and put a barren scepter in my gripe.”

“we have scorched the snake, not killed it: she’l close and be herself, whilst our poor malice remains in danger of her former tooth. but let the frames be disjoint, both the worlds suffer.” scene 2 line13

“Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck,”Scene 2 line 44

Explanation:  Macbeth is extremely paranoid of losing his position as king so his ambition is to kill Banquo so Fleance doesn't end up being king.  

Macbeth Fate and free will:

ROSS 'Gainst nature still! Thriftless ambition, that wilt ravin up Thine own life's means! Then 'tis most like The sovereignty will fall upon Macbeth. (2.4.6)

ambition is to blame for Duncan's murder. Here, he accuses Duncan's kids of going "'gainst nature" and killing their own father—but Macbeth is the one to watch out for. Our question: is Macbeth going against nature, too, by killing the king? Is ambition of any kind unnatural?

Act 3 - Nature

"Ay, in the catalogue ye go for men,

As hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs,

Shoughs, water-rugs, and demi-wolves are clept

All by the name of dogs. The valued file

Distinguishes the swift, the slow, the subtle,

The housekeeper, the hunter, every one

According to the gift which bounteous nature

Hath in him closed, whereby he does receive

Particular addition, from the bill

That writes them all alike. And so of men." (Act 3, Scene 1, lines 93-101)

In this passage Macbeth talks about another kind of nature, the human nature. He says that you can classify each dog according to the natural gifts that separate it from all other dogs and that it’s the same with men.  

"But let the frame of things disjoint, both the worlds suffer,

Ere we will eat our meal in fear, and sleep

In the affliction of these terrible dreams

That shake us nightly." (Act3, Scene 2, lines 18-22)

Macbeth explains that the universe will fall apart, heaven and earth will crumble and he'll be having horrible dreams and eat in fear for what he has done.

 "Let it come down." (Act 3, scene 3, line 18)

The murderer replies to Banquo when he predicts that there will be rain, the murderer says then let it rain. Meaning "let it be" and let the rain down... of blood.

"Then comes my fit again. I had else been perfect,

Whole as the marble, founded as the rock,

As broad and general as the casing air.

But now I am cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in

To saucy doubts and fears." (Act 3, Scene 4, lines 22-26)

Macbeth says that he is scared again because they get Fleance go. Otherwise he would have been perfect, as solid as a piece of marble, as firm as a rock, as free as the air itself. 

Act 3 Vision + light & Darkness

Act 3: Vision + Light & Darkness

Scene 3, line 60:

''Ay, and a bold one, that dare look on that Which might appall the devil'' Macbeth saw a ghost of Banquo sitting at his place  in the banquet he prepared but in reality, it was just a vision and Macbeth was the only one to see the ghost.

''till thou applaud the deed. Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale! Light thickens and the crow Makes wing to th' rooky wood. Good things of day begin to droop and drowse, While night's black agents to their preys do rouse. Thou marvel'st at my words: but hold thee still; Things bad begun make strong themselves by ill: So, prithee, go with me.''

Act three: Blood and Violence

Act three

Violence

Macbeth: “We hear our bloody cousins are bestoyed

In England and Ireland, not confessing

Their cruel parricide” p.41 (29-31)

This is said by Macbeth and says the violence suspected by Duncans children.

Macbeth: “For Banquo’s issue have i filled my mind;

For them the gracious Duncan have i murdered” p.42 (65-66)

This is said by Macbeth while he is contemplating the murder he has comited because he realizes that he killed Duncan for Banquo’s son because their son is gonna become king so his reing is going to be short lived.

Banquo: “O, treachery! Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly!

Thou mayst revenge. O slave! [Dies.]” p.49 (17-18)

Banquo and his son Fleance are being attacked by three murderers. Banquo tells  Fleance to run so he doesn’t get killed. Although Feance was able to get away, Banquo was not as lucky for he is killed in the ambush.  It is also in this moment that he declares that he is going to have revenge on the person that has killed him and threatened the life of his son.

Macbeth: “Banquo, thy soul flight,

If it find heaven, must find it out tonight” p.45 (141-142)

Macbeth says this after he has hired the murderers to kill Banquo. It foreshadows the violence to come with Banquo and his son Fleance because it says that if he is supposed to go to Heaven rather than Hell it will be decided tonight since he is going to die.

Macbeth: “And with thy bloody invisible hand

Cancel and tear to peices that great bond

Which keeps me pale” p.48 (48-50)

Macbeth is saying to Lady Macbeth that the murder of Banquo is going to be invisible so that it will go over unoticed and that way he doesn’t have to feel scared or guitly.

Blood

Macbeth: “So is he mine, and in such bloody distance

That every minute of his being thrusts

Against my near’st of life…” p.44 (116-118)

This is said by Macbeth when he is talking to the murderers he is hiring and he is explaining that there is going to be blood shed because until Banquo is dead he is not going to be complete.

Macbeth: “Blood hath been shed ere now..” p.53 (76)

This is said by Macbeth after he saw Banquo’s ghost and he is saying that since the murders have been comited there’S no way to go back as it was before.

Macbeth: “There’s blood upon thy face” p.50 (12-13)

That’s said by Macbeth to one of the murderers becasue he is putting the conseuences and guilt of Banquo’s death onto the murderers and removing the blame from him as much as possible.

Macbeth: “It will have blood, they say: blood will have blood.” p.55  (122)

Macbeth says this as he starts getting paranoid about Banquo’s murder and he thinks there’s going to be revenge.

Macbeth: “I am in blood

Stepped in so far that, should I wade no more,

Returning were as tedious as go o’er.”p.56 (136-139)

Macbeth says that he has gone too far in his plan to stop. He must continue to remove those who threaten his power, like Fleance, Banquo’s son, who the witches said would also be king. He is in over his head and that there is no going back now...

Fate and Free Will - Act 3

MACBETH If't be so, For Banquo's issue have I fil'd my mind, For them the gracious Duncan have I murther'd, Put rancors in the vessel of my peace Only for them, and mine eternal jewel Given to the common enemy of man, To make them kings -the seed of Banquo kings! Rather than so, come, Fate, into the list, And champion me to the utterance! 

 Here, Macbeth is calling fate to his aid, asking it to "champion" him, or fight for him, in the "lists," or the tournament grounds.

Nature- Act 2

Nature

“Thou sure and firm-set earth, hear not my steps, which they walk, for fear thy very stones prate of my whereabout and take the present horror from the time which now suits with it.” (p.26, Act 2, Scene 1, Line 56)

Macbeth doesn’t want anyone to know that he is the one that killed Duncan. He feels as if every step he makes is extremely loud. The louder his steps are, the bigger chance that everyone will know the crime he committed.

“Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No; this my hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine, Making the green one red ” (p. 29 Act 2 Scene 2 Line 59)

Theres so  much blood on his hands that he thinks washing them in the ocean would make the ocean red. This also shows the amount of guilt macbeth has for his actions.

“Hold, take my sword. There’s husbandry in heaven: their candles are all out.” (p.24, Act 2, Scene 1, Line 5)

Darkness has invaded the light. Light is gone since King Duncan is dead- tragic.

“The obscure bird clamored the livelong night. Some say, the earth was feverous and did shake.” (p. 33, Act 2, Scene 3, Line 61)

The night was so dark and depressing that the earth started shaking. The birds were angry and shocked towards the Kings death.

“ It was the owl that shrieked, the fatal bellman which gives the stern’st good-night.” (p. 27, Act 2, Scene 2, Line 3)

Lady Macbeth describes how the owl ressemblances the cry sound of an execution bell, which usually announces a death.

“On Tuesday last a falcon, tow’ring in her prise of place, was by a mousing owl hawked at and killed.” (p.37, Act 2, scene 4, Line 11)

The owl is representative of Macbeth as he is less powerful and the falcon king duncan. It demonstrates the fact that the weak (less powerful/important) killed the strong (king).

Act 2 - Violence

"O, yet I do repent me of my fury

That I did kill them" (Act 2, Scene 3, line 8)

This is Macbeth saying that he has killed the guards as well because he was furious they both "killed" Duncan, but really he has killed them due to his worry of being cought. 

"This murderous shaft that's shot 

Hath not yet lighted, and our safest way" (Act 2, secene 3, line 144)

Malcom says that they have to act soon before the violence gets worse.

"Confusion now hath made his masterpiece.

Most sacrilegious murder hath broke ope

The Lord’s anointed temple, and stole thence

The life o' th' building!"

Macduff explains to the men that Duncun has been murdered and that it has broken into God's temple and stolen a life.

"'Tis unnatural,

Even like the deed that’s done. On Tuesday last,

A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place,

Was by a mousing owl hawked at and killed." (Act 2, Scene 4, line 12-14)

Old man explains that the murder is unnatural, just like an owl that killed a falcon who usually kills mice. Something with less power has killed one with great power.

“Infirm of purpose!

Give me the daggers. the sleeping and the dead

Are but as pictures. ‘Tis the eye of childhood

That fears a painted devil. If he do bleed,

I’ll gild the faces of the grooms withal,

For it must seem their guilt.” (Act 2, scene 2, line 52)


“Our royal masters murder” (act 2, scene 3, line 87)


“The expedition of my violent loveOutrun the pauser, reason.” (act 2, scene 3, line 112)

act 2 - scene 3 & 4

Motif: Sleep and Blood

• "Is thy King stirring, worthy Thane?" King Duncan is presumed to be sleeping, when is reality he isn't stirring because he is dead.
• "Shake off this downy sleep, death's counterfeit!" Sleep imitates death. 
• "The spring, the head, the fountain of your blood is stopped; the very source is stopped." Duncan is drained of all his blood. 

Act two- Motif: Visions + Light vs Dark

Act two

Visions

Banquo: “I dremt last night of the three weird sisters:

To you they have showed some truth” p.25 (20)

This quote is said by Banquo and it proves his obssession with the witches and how they apear to him in dreams and how they can ‘see’ the thruth the witches have propheted

Macbeth: “I have thee not, and yet I see thee still

Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible

To feeling as to sigh, or art thou but

A dagger of the mind, a false creation” p.25 (35 to 38)

This quote, said by Macbeth shows he is envisionning the dagger and starting to obssess with the murder he has to do. It also explains the evilness of the dagger and the severity of the act he has to commit and that he is not really stable mentally.

Light V.S. Darkness

Fleance:“The moon is down; I have not heard the clock” p.24 (3)

Fleance says this to show that the night is foreshadowing the evil and the murder of King Duncan

Ross: “By th’ clock ‘tis day,

And yet dark night strangles the traveling lamp:

Is’t night prediminance, or the day’s shame,

That darkness does the face of earth entomb,

When living light should kiss it?”p.37 (6 to 10)

Ross says that it is the day but it feels like the night because of the darkness outside. This is to foreshadow the coming evil and bad that will follow the kings death because of the events that will take place.

Lennox:“ ..the obscure bird

Clamour the livelong night.” p.33 (61)

Lennox says this because he is trying to show how long the night was and the darkness that had happened and how the bird has symbolism in the following passages as a metaphor.